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As funções de janela permitem realizar cálculos em um conjunto de linhas relacionadas à linha atual. Alguns dos cálculos que você pode fazer são semelhantes aos que podem ser feitos com uma função de agregação, mas uma função de janela não faz com que as linhas sejam agrupadas em uma única saída — as linhas individuais ainda são retornadas.

Funções de janela padrão

O ClickHouse oferece suporte à sintaxe padrão para definir janelas e funções de janela. A tabela abaixo indica se um recurso tem suporte no momento.
RecursoSuportado?
especificação de janela ad hoc (count(*) over (partition by id order by time desc))
expressões que envolvem funções de janela, por exemplo, (count(*) over ()) / 2)
cláusula WINDOW (select ... from table window w as (partition by id))
frame ROWS
frame RANGE✅ (o padrão)
sintaxe INTERVAL para frame DateTime RANGE OFFSET❌ (em vez disso, especifique o número de segundos (RANGE funciona com qualquer tipo numérico).)
frame GROUPS
Cálculo de funções agregadas sobre um frame (sum(value) over (order by time))✅ (Há suporte para todas as funções agregadas)
rank(), dense_rank(), row_number()
Alias: denseRank()
percent_rank()✅ Calcula com eficiência a posição relativa de um valor dentro de uma partição em um conjunto de dados. Essa função substitui, na prática, o cálculo manual em SQL, mais verboso e computacionalmente mais custoso, expresso como ifNull((rank() OVER(PARTITION BY x ORDER BY y) - 1) / nullif(count(1) OVER(PARTITION BY x) - 1, 0), 0)
Alias: percentRank()
cume_dist()✅ Calcula a distribuição cumulativa de um valor dentro de um grupo de valores. Retorna a porcentagem de linhas com valores menores ou iguais ao valor da linha atual.
lag/lead(value, offset)
Você também pode usar uma das soluções alternativas a seguir:
1) any(value) over (.... rows between <offset> preceding and <offset> preceding), ou following para lead
2) lagInFrame/leadInFrame, que são análogas, mas respeitam o frame da janela. Para obter um comportamento idêntico a lag/lead, use rows between unbounded preceding and unbounded following
ntile(buckets)
Especifique a janela assim: (partition by x order by y rows between unbounded preceding and unbounded following).

Funções de janela específicas do ClickHouse

Existe também a seguinte função de janela específica do ClickHouse:

nonNegativeDerivative(metric_column, timestamp_column[, INTERVAL X UNITS])

Calcula a derivada não negativa da metric_column fornecida em relação à timestamp_column. INTERVAL pode ser omitido; o padrão é INTERVAL 1 SECOND. O valor calculado para cada linha é:
  • 0 para a 1ª linha,
  • metricimetrici1timestampitimestampi1interval{\text{metric}_i - \text{metric}_{i-1} \over \text{timestamp}_i - \text{timestamp}_{i-1}} * \text{interval} para a ithi_{th} linha.

Sintaxe

aggregate_function (column_name)
  OVER ([[PARTITION BY grouping_column] [ORDER BY sorting_column] 
        [ROWS or RANGE expression_to_bound_rows_within_the_group]] | [window_name])
FROM table_name
WINDOW window_name as ([
  [PARTITION BY grouping_column]
  [ORDER BY sorting_column]
  [ROWS or RANGE expression_to_bound_rows_within_the_group]
])
  • PARTITION BY - define como dividir um conjunto de resultados em grupos.
  • ORDER BY - define como ordenar as linhas dentro do grupo durante o cálculo de aggregate_function.
  • ROWS or RANGE - define os limites de um frame; aggregate_function é calculada dentro desse frame.
  • WINDOW - permite que várias expressões usem a mesma definição de janela.
      PARTITION
┌─────────────────┐  <-- UNBOUNDED PRECEDING (BEGINNING of the PARTITION)
│                 │
│                 │
│=================│  <-- N PRECEDING  <─┐
│      N ROWS     │                     │  F
│  Before CURRENT │                     │  R
│~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~│  <-- CURRENT ROW    │  A
│     M ROWS      │                     │  M
│   After CURRENT │                     │  E
│=================│  <-- M FOLLOWING  <─┘
│                 │
│                 │
└─────────────────┘  <--- UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING (END of the PARTITION)

Funções

Estas funções só podem ser usadas como funções de janela.
  • row_number() - Numera a linha atual dentro da partição, começando em 1.
  • first_value(x) - Retorna o primeiro valor avaliado dentro do frame ordenado.
  • last_value(x) - Retorna o último valor avaliado dentro do frame ordenado.
  • nth_value(x, offset) - Retorna o primeiro valor não NULL avaliado na enésima linha (offset) dentro do frame ordenado.
  • rank() - Classifica a linha atual dentro da partição, com lacunas.
  • dense_rank() - Classifica a linha atual dentro da partição, sem lacunas.
  • lagInFrame(x) - Retorna um valor avaliado na linha que está em um deslocamento físico especificado antes da linha atual dentro do frame ordenado.
  • leadInFrame(x) - Retorna um valor avaliado na linha que está a um número de linhas após a linha atual dentro do frame ordenado.

Exemplos

Veja alguns exemplos de como as funções de janela podem ser usadas.

Numeração de linhas

CREATE TABLE salaries
(
    `team` String,
    `player` String,
    `salary` UInt32,
    `position` String
)
Engine = Memory;

INSERT INTO salaries FORMAT Values
    ('Port Elizabeth Barbarians', 'Gary Chen', 195000, 'F'),
    ('New Coreystad Archdukes', 'Charles Juarez', 190000, 'F'),
    ('Port Elizabeth Barbarians', 'Michael Stanley', 150000, 'D'),
    ('New Coreystad Archdukes', 'Scott Harrison', 150000, 'D'),
    ('Port Elizabeth Barbarians', 'Robert George', 195000, 'M');
SELECT
    player,
    salary,
    row_number() OVER (ORDER BY salary ASC) AS row
FROM salaries;
┌─player──────────┬─salary─┬─row─┐
│ Michael Stanley │ 150000 │   1 │
│ Scott Harrison  │ 150000 │   2 │
│ Charles Juarez  │ 190000 │   3 │
│ Gary Chen       │ 195000 │   4 │
│ Robert George   │ 195000 │   5 │
└─────────────────┴────────┴─────┘
SELECT
    player,
    salary,
    row_number() OVER (ORDER BY salary ASC) AS row,
    rank() OVER (ORDER BY salary ASC) AS rank,
    dense_rank() OVER (ORDER BY salary ASC) AS denseRank
FROM salaries;
┌─player──────────┬─salary─┬─row─┬─rank─┬─denseRank─┐
│ Michael Stanley │ 150000 │   1 │    1 │         1 │
│ Scott Harrison  │ 150000 │   2 │    1 │         1 │
│ Charles Juarez  │ 190000 │   3 │    3 │         2 │
│ Gary Chen       │ 195000 │   4 │    4 │         3 │
│ Robert George   │ 195000 │   5 │    4 │         3 │
└─────────────────┴────────┴─────┴──────┴───────────┘

Funções de agregação

Compare o salário de cada jogador com a média do seu time.
SELECT
    player,
    salary,
    team,
    avg(salary) OVER (PARTITION BY team) AS teamAvg,
    salary - teamAvg AS diff
FROM salaries;
┌─player──────────┬─salary─┬─team──────────────────────┬─teamAvg─┬───diff─┐
│ Charles Juarez  │ 190000 │ New Coreystad Archdukes   │  170000 │  20000 │
│ Scott Harrison  │ 150000 │ New Coreystad Archdukes   │  170000 │ -20000 │
│ Gary Chen       │ 195000 │ Port Elizabeth Barbarians │  180000 │  15000 │
│ Michael Stanley │ 150000 │ Port Elizabeth Barbarians │  180000 │ -30000 │
│ Robert George   │ 195000 │ Port Elizabeth Barbarians │  180000 │  15000 │
└─────────────────┴────────┴───────────────────────────┴─────────┴────────┘
Compare o salário de cada jogador com o salário máximo de sua equipe.
SELECT
    player,
    salary,
    team,
    max(salary) OVER (PARTITION BY team) AS teamMax,
    salary - teamMax AS diff
FROM salaries;
┌─player──────────┬─salary─┬─team──────────────────────┬─teamMax─┬───diff─┐
│ Charles Juarez  │ 190000 │ New Coreystad Archdukes   │  190000 │      0 │
│ Scott Harrison  │ 150000 │ New Coreystad Archdukes   │  190000 │ -40000 │
│ Gary Chen       │ 195000 │ Port Elizabeth Barbarians │  195000 │      0 │
│ Michael Stanley │ 150000 │ Port Elizabeth Barbarians │  195000 │ -45000 │
│ Robert George   │ 195000 │ Port Elizabeth Barbarians │  195000 │      0 │
└─────────────────┴────────┴───────────────────────────┴─────────┴────────┘

Particionamento por coluna

CREATE TABLE wf_partition
(
    `part_key` UInt64,
    `value` UInt64,
    `order` UInt64    
)
ENGINE = Memory;

INSERT INTO wf_partition FORMAT Values
   (1,1,1), (1,2,2), (1,3,3), (2,0,0), (3,0,0);

SELECT
    part_key,
    value,
    order,
    groupArray(value) OVER (PARTITION BY part_key) AS frame_values
FROM wf_partition
ORDER BY
    part_key ASC,
    value ASC;

┌─part_key─┬─value─┬─order─┬─frame_values─┐
111 │ [1,2,3]      │   <
122 │ [1,2,3]      │    │  1-st group
133 │ [1,2,3]      │   <
200 │ [0]          │   <- 2-nd group
300 │ [0]          │   <- 3-d group
└──────────┴───────┴───────┴──────────────┘

Definição dos limites do frame

CREATE TABLE wf_frame
(
    `part_key` UInt64,
    `value` UInt64,
    `order` UInt64
)
ENGINE = Memory;

INSERT INTO wf_frame FORMAT Values
   (1,1,1), (1,2,2), (1,3,3), (1,4,4), (1,5,5);
-- O frame é delimitado pelos limites de uma partição (BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING)
SELECT
    part_key,
    value,
    order,
    groupArray(value) OVER (
        PARTITION BY part_key 
        ORDER BY order ASC
        ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
    ) AS frame_values
FROM wf_frame
ORDER BY
    part_key ASC,
    value ASC;
    
┌─part_key─┬─value─┬─order─┬─frame_values─┐
111 │ [1,2,3,4,5]  │
122 │ [1,2,3,4,5]  │
133 │ [1,2,3,4,5]  │
144 │ [1,2,3,4,5]  │
155 │ [1,2,3,4,5]  │
└──────────┴───────┴───────┴──────────────┘
-- forma curta - sem expressão de limite, sem order by,
-- equivalente a `ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING`
SELECT
    part_key,
    value,
    order,
    groupArray(value) OVER (PARTITION BY part_key) AS frame_values_short,
    groupArray(value) OVER (PARTITION BY part_key
         ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
    ) AS frame_values
FROM wf_frame
ORDER BY
    part_key ASC,
    value ASC;
┌─part_key─┬─value─┬─order─┬─frame_values_short─┬─frame_values─┐
111 │ [1,2,3,4,5]        │ [1,2,3,4,5]  │
122 │ [1,2,3,4,5]        │ [1,2,3,4,5]  │
133 │ [1,2,3,4,5]        │ [1,2,3,4,5]  │
144 │ [1,2,3,4,5]        │ [1,2,3,4,5]  │
155 │ [1,2,3,4,5]        │ [1,2,3,4,5]  │
└──────────┴───────┴───────┴────────────────────┴──────────────┘
-- o frame é delimitado pelo início de uma partição e pela linha atual
SELECT
    part_key,
    value,
    order,
    groupArray(value) OVER (
        PARTITION BY part_key 
        ORDER BY order ASC
        ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW
    ) AS frame_values
FROM wf_frame
ORDER BY
    part_key ASC,
    value ASC;

┌─part_key─┬─value─┬─order─┬─frame_values─┐
111 │ [1]          │
122 │ [1,2]        │
133 │ [1,2,3]      │
144 │ [1,2,3,4]    │
155 │ [1,2,3,4,5]  │
└──────────┴───────┴───────┴──────────────┘
-- forma curta (o frame é delimitado pelo início de uma partição e a linha atual)
-- equivalente a `ORDER BY order ASC ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW`
SELECT
    part_key,
    value,
    order,
    groupArray(value) OVER (PARTITION BY part_key ORDER BY order ASC) AS frame_values_short,
    groupArray(value) OVER (PARTITION BY part_key ORDER BY order ASC
       ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW
    ) AS frame_values
FROM wf_frame
ORDER BY
    part_key ASC,
    value ASC;

┌─part_key─┬─value─┬─order─┬─frame_values_short─┬─frame_values─┐
111 │ [1]                │ [1]          │
122 │ [1,2]              │ [1,2]        │
133 │ [1,2,3]            │ [1,2,3]      │
144 │ [1,2,3,4]          │ [1,2,3,4]    │
155 │ [1,2,3,4,5]        │ [1,2,3,4,5]  │
└──────────┴───────┴───────┴────────────────────┴──────────────┘
-- o frame é delimitado pelo início de uma partição e pela linha atual, mas a ordem é invertida
SELECT
    part_key,
    value,
    order,
    groupArray(value) OVER (PARTITION BY part_key ORDER BY order DESC) AS frame_values
FROM wf_frame
ORDER BY
    part_key ASC,
    value ASC;

┌─part_key─┬─value─┬─order─┬─frame_values─┐
111 │ [5,4,3,2,1]  │
122 │ [5,4,3,2]    │
133 │ [5,4,3]      │
144 │ [5,4]        │
155 │ [5]          │
└──────────┴───────┴───────┴──────────────┘
-- frame deslizante - 1 LINHA PRECEDENTE E LINHA ATUAL
SELECT
    part_key,
    value,
    order,
    groupArray(value) OVER (
        PARTITION BY part_key 
        ORDER BY order ASC
        ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW
    ) AS frame_values
FROM wf_frame
ORDER BY
    part_key ASC,
    value ASC;

┌─part_key─┬─value─┬─order─┬─frame_values─┐
111 │ [1]          │
122 │ [1,2]        │
133 │ [2,3]        │
144 │ [3,4]        │
155 │ [4,5]        │
└──────────┴───────┴───────┴──────────────┘
-- frame deslizante - ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING 
SELECT
    part_key,
    value,
    order,
    groupArray(value) OVER (
        PARTITION BY part_key 
        ORDER BY order ASC
        ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
    ) AS frame_values
FROM wf_frame
ORDER BY
    part_key ASC,
    value ASC;

┌─part_key─┬─value─┬─order─┬─frame_values─┐
111 │ [1,2,3,4,5]  │
122 │ [1,2,3,4,5]  │
133 │ [2,3,4,5]    │
144 │ [3,4,5]      │
155 │ [4,5]        │
└──────────┴───────┴───────┴──────────────┘
-- row_number não respeita o frame, portanto rn_1 = rn_2 = rn_3 != rn_4
SELECT
    part_key,
    value,
    order,
    groupArray(value) OVER w1 AS frame_values,
    row_number() OVER w1 AS rn_1,
    sum(1) OVER w1 AS rn_2,
    row_number() OVER w2 AS rn_3,
    sum(1) OVER w2 AS rn_4
FROM wf_frame
WINDOW
    w1 AS (PARTITION BY part_key ORDER BY order DESC),
    w2 AS (
        PARTITION BY part_key 
        ORDER BY order DESC 
        ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW
    )
ORDER BY
    part_key ASC,
    value ASC;
┌─part_key─┬─value─┬─order─┬─frame_values─┬─rn_1─┬─rn_2─┬─rn_3─┬─rn_4─┐ │ 1 │ 1 │ 1 │ [5,4,3,2,1] │ 5 │ 5 │ 5 │ 2 │ │ 1 │ 2 │ 2 │ [5,4,3,2] │ 4 │ 4 │ 4 │ 2 │ │ 1 │ 3 │ 3 │ [5,4,3] │ 3 │ 3 │ 3 │ 2 │ │ 1 │ 4 │ 4 │ [5,4] │ 2 │ 2 │ 2 │ 2 │ │ 1 │ 5 │ 5 │ [5] │ 1 │ 1 │ 1 │ 1 │ └──────────┴───────┴───────┴──────────────┴──────┴──────┴──────┴──────┘

```sql
-- first_value e last_value respeitam o frame
SELECT
    groupArray(value) OVER w1 AS frame_values_1,
    first_value(value) OVER w1 AS first_value_1,
    last_value(value) OVER w1 AS last_value_1,
    groupArray(value) OVER w2 AS frame_values_2,
    first_value(value) OVER w2 AS first_value_2,
    last_value(value) OVER w2 AS last_value_2
FROM wf_frame
WINDOW
    w1 AS (PARTITION BY part_key ORDER BY order ASC),
    w2 AS (PARTITION BY part_key ORDER BY order ASC ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW)
ORDER BY
    part_key ASC,
    value ASC;

┌─frame_values_1─┬─first_value_1─┬─last_value_1─┬─frame_values_2─┬─first_value_2─┬─last_value_2─┐
│ [1]            │             1 │            1 │ [1]            │             1 │            1 │
│ [1,2]          │             1 │            2 │ [1,2]          │             1 │            2 │
│ [1,2,3]        │             1 │            3 │ [2,3]          │             2 │            3 │
│ [1,2,3,4]      │             1 │            4 │ [3,4]          │             3 │            4 │
│ [1,2,3,4,5]    │             1 │            5 │ [4,5]          │             4 │            5 │
└────────────────┴───────────────┴──────────────┴────────────────┴───────────────┴──────────────┘
-- segundo valor no frame
SELECT
    groupArray(value) OVER w1 AS frame_values_1,
    nth_value(value, 2) OVER w1 AS second_value
FROM wf_frame
WINDOW w1 AS (PARTITION BY part_key ORDER BY order ASC ROWS BETWEEN 3 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW)
ORDER BY
    part_key ASC,
    value ASC;

┌─frame_values_1─┬─second_value─┐
│ [1]            │            0
│ [1,2]          │            2
│ [1,2,3]        │            2
│ [1,2,3,4]      │            2
│ [2,3,4,5]      │            3
└────────────────┴──────────────┘
-- segundo valor dentro do frame + Null para valores ausentes
SELECT
    groupArray(value) OVER w1 AS frame_values_1,
    nth_value(toNullable(value), 2) OVER w1 AS second_value
FROM wf_frame
WINDOW w1 AS (PARTITION BY part_key ORDER BY order ASC ROWS BETWEEN 3 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW)
ORDER BY
    part_key ASC,
    value ASC;
┌─frame_values_1─┬─second_value─┐ │ [1] │ ᴺᵁᴸᴸ │ │ [1,2] │ 2 │ │ [1,2,3] │ 2 │ │ [1,2,3,4] │ 2 │ │ [2,3,4,5] │ 3 │ └────────────────┴──────────────┘

Exemplos práticos

Os exemplos a seguir mostram como resolver problemas comuns em cenários reais.

Salário máximo/total por departamento

CREATE TABLE employees
(
    `department` String,
    `employee_name` String,
    `salary` Float
)
ENGINE = Memory;

INSERT INTO employees FORMAT Values
   ('Finance', 'Jonh', 200),
   ('Finance', 'Joan', 210),
   ('Finance', 'Jean', 505),
   ('IT', 'Tim', 200),
   ('IT', 'Anna', 300),
   ('IT', 'Elen', 500);
SELECT
    department,
    employee_name AS emp,
    salary,
    max_salary_per_dep,
    total_salary_per_dep,
    round((salary / total_salary_per_dep) * 100, 2) AS `share_per_dep(%)`
FROM
(
    SELECT
        department,
        employee_name,
        salary,
        max(salary) OVER wndw AS max_salary_per_dep,
        sum(salary) OVER wndw AS total_salary_per_dep
    FROM employees
    WINDOW wndw AS (
        PARTITION BY department
        ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
    )
    ORDER BY
        department ASC,
        employee_name ASC
);

┌─department─┬─emp──┬─salary─┬─max_salary_per_dep─┬─total_salary_per_dep─┬─share_per_dep(%)─┐
│ Finance    │ Jean │    50550591555.19
│ Finance    │ Joan │    21050591522.95
│ Finance    │ Jonh │    20050591521.86
│ IT         │ Anna │    300500100030
│ IT         │ Elen │    500500100050
│ IT         │ Tim  │    200500100020
└────────────┴──────┴────────┴────────────────────┴──────────────────────┴──────────────────┘

Soma cumulativa

CREATE TABLE warehouse
(
    `item` String,
    `ts` DateTime,
    `value` Float
)
ENGINE = Memory

INSERT INTO warehouse VALUES
    ('sku38', '2020-01-01', 9),
    ('sku38', '2020-02-01', 1),
    ('sku38', '2020-03-01', -4),
    ('sku1', '2020-01-01', 1),
    ('sku1', '2020-02-01', 1),
    ('sku1', '2020-03-01', 1);
SELECT
    item,
    ts,
    value,
    sum(value) OVER (PARTITION BY item ORDER BY ts ASC) AS stock_balance
FROM warehouse
ORDER BY
    item ASC,
    ts ASC;

┌─item──┬──────────────────ts─┬─value─┬─stock_balance─┐
│ sku1  │ 2020-01-01 00:00:0011
│ sku1  │ 2020-02-01 00:00:0012
│ sku1  │ 2020-03-01 00:00:0013
│ sku38 │ 2020-01-01 00:00:0099
│ sku38 │ 2020-02-01 00:00:00110
│ sku38 │ 2020-03-01 00:00:00-46
└───────┴─────────────────────┴───────┴───────────────┘

Média móvel / deslizante (em 3 linhas)

CREATE TABLE sensors
(
    `metric` String,
    `ts` DateTime,
    `value` Float
)
ENGINE = Memory;
insert into sensors values(‘cpu_temp’, ‘2020-01-01 00:00:00’, 87), (‘cpu_temp’, ‘2020-01-01 00:00:01’, 77), (‘cpu_temp’, ‘2020-01-01 00:00:02’, 93), (‘cpu_temp’, ‘2020-01-01 00:00:03’, 87), (‘cpu_temp’, ‘2020-01-01 00:00:04’, 87), (‘cpu_temp’, ‘2020-01-01 00:00:05’, 87), (‘cpu_temp’, ‘2020-01-01 00:00:06’, 87), (‘cpu_temp’, ‘2020-01-01 00:00:07’, 87);

```sql
SELECT
    metric,
    ts,
    value,
    avg(value) OVER (
        PARTITION BY metric 
        ORDER BY ts ASC 
        ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW
    ) AS moving_avg_temp
FROM sensors
ORDER BY
    metric ASC,
    ts ASC;

┌─metric───┬──────────────────ts─┬─value─┬───moving_avg_temp─┐
│ cpu_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:00:00 │    87 │                87 │
│ cpu_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:00:01 │    77 │                82 │
│ cpu_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:00:02 │    93 │ 85.66666666666667 │
│ cpu_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:00:03 │    87 │ 85.66666666666667 │
│ cpu_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:00:04 │    87 │                89 │
│ cpu_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:00:05 │    87 │                87 │
│ cpu_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:00:06 │    87 │                87 │
│ cpu_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:00:07 │    87 │                87 │
└──────────┴─────────────────────┴───────┴───────────────────┘

Média móvel/deslizante (a cada 10 segundos)

SELECT
    metric,
    ts,
    value,
    avg(value) OVER (PARTITION BY metric ORDER BY ts
      RANGE BETWEEN 10 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW) AS moving_avg_10_seconds_temp
FROM sensors
ORDER BY
    metric ASC,
    ts ASC;
    
┌─metric───┬──────────────────ts─┬─value─┬─moving_avg_10_seconds_temp─┐
│ cpu_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:00:008787
│ cpu_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:01:107777
│ cpu_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:02:209393
│ cpu_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:03:308787
│ cpu_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:04:408787
│ cpu_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:05:508787
│ cpu_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:06:008787
│ cpu_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:07:108787
└──────────┴─────────────────────┴───────┴────────────────────────────┘

Média móvel / deslizante (de 10 dias)

A temperatura é armazenada com precisão de segundos, mas, ao usar Range e ORDER BY toDate(ts), formamos um frame de 10 unidades e, por causa de toDate(ts), a unidade é um dia.
CREATE TABLE sensors
(
    `metric` String,
    `ts` DateTime,
    `value` Float
)
ENGINE = Memory;
insert into sensors values(‘ambient_temp’, ‘2020-01-01 00:00:00’, 16), (‘ambient_temp’, ‘2020-01-01 12:00:00’, 16), (‘ambient_temp’, ‘2020-01-02 11:00:00’, 9), (‘ambient_temp’, ‘2020-01-02 12:00:00’, 9), (‘ambient_temp’, ‘2020-02-01 10:00:00’, 10), (‘ambient_temp’, ‘2020-02-01 12:00:00’, 10), (‘ambient_temp’, ‘2020-02-10 12:00:00’, 12), (‘ambient_temp’, ‘2020-02-10 13:00:00’, 12), (‘ambient_temp’, ‘2020-02-20 12:00:01’, 16), (‘ambient_temp’, ‘2020-03-01 12:00:00’, 16), (‘ambient_temp’, ‘2020-03-01 12:00:00’, 16), (‘ambient_temp’, ‘2020-03-01 12:00:00’, 16);

```sql
SELECT
    metric,
    ts,
    value,
    round(avg(value) OVER (PARTITION BY metric ORDER BY toDate(ts) 
       RANGE BETWEEN 10 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW),2) AS moving_avg_10_days_temp
FROM sensors
ORDER BY
    metric ASC,
    ts ASC;

┌─metric───────┬──────────────────ts─┬─value─┬─moving_avg_10_days_temp─┐
│ ambient_temp │ 2020-01-01 00:00:00 │    16 │                      16 │
│ ambient_temp │ 2020-01-01 12:00:00 │    16 │                      16 │
│ ambient_temp │ 2020-01-02 11:00:00 │     9 │                    12.5 │
│ ambient_temp │ 2020-01-02 12:00:00 │     9 │                    12.5 │
│ ambient_temp │ 2020-02-01 10:00:00 │    10 │                      10 │
│ ambient_temp │ 2020-02-01 12:00:00 │    10 │                      10 │
│ ambient_temp │ 2020-02-10 12:00:00 │    12 │                      11 │
│ ambient_temp │ 2020-02-10 13:00:00 │    12 │                      11 │
│ ambient_temp │ 2020-02-20 12:00:01 │    16 │                   13.33 │
│ ambient_temp │ 2020-03-01 12:00:00 │    16 │                      16 │
│ ambient_temp │ 2020-03-01 12:00:00 │    16 │                      16 │
│ ambient_temp │ 2020-03-01 12:00:00 │    16 │                      16 │
└──────────────┴─────────────────────┴───────┴─────────────────────────┘

Referências

Issues no GitHub

O plano para o suporte inicial a funções de janela está nesta issue. Todas as issues do GitHub relacionadas a funções de janela têm a label comp-window-functions.

Testes

Estes testes contêm exemplos da gramática atualmente suportada: https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickHouse/blob/master/tests/performance/window&#95;functions.xml https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickHouse/blob/master/tests/queries/0&#95;stateless/01591&#95;window&#95;functions.sql

Documentação do Postgres

https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-select.html#SQL-WINDOW https://www.postgresql.org/docs/devel/sql-expressions.html#SYNTAX-WINDOW-FUNCTIONS https://www.postgresql.org/docs/devel/functions-window.html https://www.postgresql.org/docs/devel/tutorial-window.html

Documentação do MySQL

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/window-function-descriptions.html https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/window-functions-usage.html https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/window-functions-frames.html
Última modificação em 10 de junho de 2026